The career of Pablo Picasso, one of the most famous artists of the twentieth century, and an unforgettable history

Pablo Ruiz Picasso (born October 25, 1881, Málaga, Spain – died April 8, 1973, Mougins, France) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, and visual artist, and one of the most famous artists of the 20th century. He is credited with founding the Cubist movement in art.

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Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga, southern Spain, to a middle-class family. He was the first child there. His mother was called Maria Picasso (the name by which Pablo later became known), and his father was the artist José Ruiz, who worked as a drawing and painting teacher at an art school and was also a curator at the local museum. He specialized in painting birds and nature. Ruiz's grandparents were somewhat aristocratic.

Pablo Picasso demonstrated his passion and skill for drawing from an early age. His mother said that one of the first words he ever spoke was "pencil." At the age of seven, Pablo received formal training in drawing and oil painting from his father. Ruiz was a traditional artist and academic teacher, who believed that ideal training relied on disciplined copying and drawing of human figures from live models.

Thus, Pablo Picasso became preoccupied with painting at the expense of his studies. In 1891, the family moved to La Coruña, where his father became a professor at the Faculty of Fine Arts. They stayed there for about four years.

Once, at the age of thirteen, Pablo Picasso completed a sketch of a dove that his father had not yet finished. When his father examined his son's drawing technique, he felt that his son had surpassed him, and he announced at that time that he would give up drawing, despite the existence of paintings of his later time.

In 1895, Pablo suffered a severe shock after his seven-year-old sister died of diphtheria. After her death, the family moved again to Barcelona, where his father worked as a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts. Pablo began to flourish again, while remaining sad and homesick.

At the age of sixteen, Picasso began to live in the city at his own expense for the first time, but after enrolling at the Academy, he began to hate the formal education system and began to skip lectures.

By 1905, Picasso had become a favorite artist of two American collectors: art critic Leo Stein and his sister, writer Gertrude Stein. Later, his older brother, Michael Stein, and his wife, Sara, also became collectors of Picasso's paintings.

Picasso painted a portrait of the writer Gertrude and her nephew, Allan Stein. Gertrude later became Picasso's patron, acquiring his drawings and paintings and displaying them in her Paris salon.

In the early 20th century, Picasso began dividing his time between Barcelona and Paris. In 1904, in the midst of a storm, Picasso met Fernande Olivier, a French bohemian who would later become his lover. Olivier appears in many of Picasso's paintings. In the period known as the post-World War I period, Picasso formed several important relationships, one of which was with Sergei Diaghilev, the art critic and director of the Ballets Russes, which had been formed in 1909.

In 1927, Picasso met Marie-Thérèse Walter, a seventeen-year-old French woman who would later become his next lover. During this period, Picasso's marriage to Olga Khokhlova ended in separation, not divorce. French law stipulated that a wife receive half of her husband's estate in the event of a divorce, something Picasso did not want. Picasso and Olga remained officially married until Olga's death in 1955.

Picasso's relationship with Marie-Thérèse Walter continued for a long time, and they had a daughter, Maya. Marie lived in the hope that Picasso would marry her one day, but he never did. She hanged herself four years after Picasso's death.

Picasso then met Jacqueline Roque, who worked in the pottery industry on the French Riviera, where Picasso painted ceramics. Jacqueline later became his lover and then his wife in 1961, remaining with him until his death.

Picasso's marriage to Jacqueline was his revenge on Françoise Gilot, who had divorced her husband, Luc Simon, for seeking to marry Picasso to secure her children's rights as Picasso's heirs. However, after Gilot filed for divorce from Luc, Picasso had secretly married Jacqueline, which strained his relationship with his children, Claude and Paloma.

In addition to his artistic achievements, he had brief appearances in a few films in which he appeared as Picasso himself, including "The Testament of Orpheus" by French director Jean Cocteau in 1960, and he also assisted in the film "The Enigma of Picasso" in 1956 by director Henri-Georges Clouzot.

His children Paolo (February 4, 1921 – June 5, 1975) and his wife Olga Khokhlova. Maya (September 5, 1935 – December 20, 2022) from his mistress Marie-Therese Walter. Claude (May 15, 1947) and Paloma (April 19, 1949) with his wife Françoise Gilot.

His artistic life The Blue Period (1901-1904). The Rose Period (1905-1907). African period (1908-1909). Analytical Cubism (art) (1909-1912). Synthetic Cubism (art) (1912-1919).

Sales of his paintings Pablo Picasso's 1932 painting "Woman of the Hour" sold for $139.3 million on Wednesday night, November 8, 2024, at Sotheby's in New York. The painting became the artist's second most expensive piece sold at auction, after "Les Femmes d'Alger," which sold for $179 million at Christie's in New York in 2015.

His death Picasso died on April 8, 1973, in Mougins, France, while having dinner with his wife Jacqueline and some friends. His last words were, "Drink for me, drink for my health, you know I can't drink any more."

Picasso was buried in a château near Aix-en-Provence, on a plot of land he had been given in 1958. He and Jacqueline lived there from 1959 to 1962. Jacqueline prevented his children, Claude and Paloma, from attending their father's funeral. Jacqueline lived alone and devastated until she shot herself in 1985, dying at the age of 59.